Combined ratchet wrench and drill.



PATENTED JUNE 5, 1906.

J. R. NBILSON. COMBINED RATGHET WRENCH AND DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY l2, 1904.

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GOMBBNED R'TGH-ET WRENCH AND DRHLLB Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Juiy 12,1904. serial No. 216,221.

Vand exact description.'

j This .invention relates to a combined ratchet wrench and drill; and the principal object of the invention is to provide a device of the character specified which is simple and comparatively inexpensive in construction, which affords a very positive grip upon the tool or other member -gripped thereby, j

and which is provided with a reversible ratchetoperating mechanism` by means of which the combined wrenchv and' drill may be positively rotated in either direction about its axis of rotation.

With the object above stated and others of minor character in view, as will hereinafter appear, the invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter pointed out,` and the novel features of which will be specifically set forth infthe claims. v i

i' A practical embodiment ofthe invention is hereinafter described in detail, and illustrated -in the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, in which corresponding parts are designated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the complete apparatus forming the invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section throughthe structure shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the jaw-carrier and one of the gripping-jaws mounted therein, part of the carrierbeing broken away to show the means for limiting the outward movement of the jaw. Fig. 4 is a sectionalA view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3.,. Fig. 5 is an elevational view of the j aw-actuator and the upper end of the feed-screw mounted therein.

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view ofthe jaw-actuator. Fig. 7 is a side view of one form of gripping-j aw, and Fig. 8 is a top plan view of they jaw shown in Fig. 7. y

'i The combined ratchet wrench and drill forming the present invention comprises a jaw-carrier channeled .for a pair of oppositely-arranged sliding jaws, a jaw-actuator rotatable within. the carrier and adapted for j producing movement of the jaws both iii/to Fig. 6.

and-out of operative osition, and a handlelever mounted upon t e jaw-carrier so as to be rotatable in relation thereto and provided with a spring-pressed pawl of s ecial structure adapted for engagement wit a plurality of recesses formedv on the exterior of the jawcarrier and serving, in connection with the spring-pressed pawl provided in the handlelever, to form a ratchet mechanism for operating the wrench or drill. i The j aw-actuator is provided with a feed-screw axially mounted therein and adapted to serve, when thedeviceis used as adrill, to feed the .drill positively into the material to be bored.

Referring to the drawin s in'detail, l designates the j aw-carrier, w ich, as best seen in Fig. 3 is of generally cylindric form and is provided at ltlie bottom with an enlargementl 2, which is transversely channeled with an undercut groove or way 3 for a pair of gripping-jaws 4 or 4a, the jaws 4a being adapted for gripping larger objects than the jaws 4, as will be readily understood. Above the enlargement 2 the jaw-carrier 1 is rovided upon its exterior with a plurality o recesses 5, each of which has substantially parallel sides and .a concaved bottom, as clearly shown in 3. Above the recesses 5 the j aw-c'arrier is provided with a circumferential groove 6 very near the top to receive a screw by means of which the jaw-carrier and jaw-actuator are held Iin pro er relation. The jaw-carrier is axially bore throughout a portion of its depth, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, the bore forming a'chamber 7. In the chamber 7 the jaw-actuator 8, which is of substantially cylindrical form, is rotatably mounted. The jaw-actuator has an enlargement 9 at its upper end, and in the under surface of the shoulder formed by the enlargement there is an annular oove 10,'into which the upper portion of t e jaw-carrier fits. In the enlargement 9 of the jaw-actuator a screw 11 is secured in such position rammed June 5, ieo.

that the end thereof will engage the base of the annular groove 6, that is formed on' the I IOR actuator is providedwith a spiral thread 12, cut inthe base of the actuator, as best shown Each of the gripping-jaws 4 and 4a is provided upon its upper surface with a lurality vof concentric segmental ribs 13,w ichare adapted for engagement with the thread `12, .p

fermed on the base of the j avv-actuator, the ribs 13 being preferably formed with pointed ends, as shown in. Fig. 8, to facilitate the passage of the thread between the ribs. The said gripping-jaws are slidable in the way 3, formed to receive them in the enlargement at the lower end of the j aw-carrier, and they are held against complete disengagement from fthe jaw-carrier by one or more screws 14, mounted in the jaw-carrier and each of which engages with the base of a recess or slot 15 in one of the lateral faces of one of the clamping or gripping jaws. The recess sented between the enlargement 2 of the jawcarrier and the enlargement 9 of the jawactuatoi, and in this annular depression there is secured a band or collar 16, having at one side a lateral socket 17, which is preferably formed integral therewith and which is adapted to receive a hollow handle 18,

which is externally threaded for engagement with the se 1fet 17 y in which an internal thread is formed, as shown in Fig. 2. The

hollow handle 18 is designed to receive arod or stem 19, bearing at its inner end an enlargement 20, presenting one beveled face 21, the other face of the enlargement 20 bein flat. The stem 19 is slidable within the ho low handle 18, and the enlargement 2() projects through an opening formed at the inner end of the socket 17, so that the end of the said enlargement may engage with the sides of the recesses 5, formed on the outer surface of the jaw-carrier. The stem 19, with its enlargement 20,' forms a pawl which 1s held normally in operative engagement 'Within one of the recesses in the jaw-carrier by means of a coil-spring 22, disposed within the hollow of the handle 18 and abutting at its outer end against a plug 23, iitted in the outer end of the handle. At its inner'end the spring 22 abuts against a pin 24, disposed transversely through the stem 19, as shown in Fig. 2, and consequently the rod 19 is pressed toward the inner end of the handle 18 by the spring. In order to prevent rotation of the rod 19 within the handle 18 except when such rotation is desirable, the said rod is provided at its outer end with a square portion 25, which is disposed within a squared opening in the plug23. Upon the end of the rod 19 a head o r cap 26 is mounted, which is preferably milled at its periphery, as shown, and this head or cap serves as a handle whereby the rod may be drawn outspring 22 until the squared portion 25 of the said rod is no longer disposed within the square hole in the plug 423. The rod may then be turned by means of the head 26 until the inclined face 21 of the enlargement 20 atthe inner end of the rod is turned in a direction directly opposite to that in which it was formerly disposed. In this way the s ringpawl formed by the rod 19 and its en argement is adapted to operate in either direction and to provide for the opposite rotation of the jaw-carrier to the right or left, as may be desired.

To enable the device to be used as a drill, the jaw-actuator 8 is axially bored and intei'- nally threaded to receive a feed-screw 27, the head 28 of which is polygonal in cross-section and at the top is of conical form, tapering to a tolerably sharp point 29. The head 28v of the screw is also transversely pierced by an aperture 30, designed to receive a lever by' which the screw may be turned within the jaw-carrier-to effect the feed of the drill at any desired rate.

When the device is in use as a wrench, the jaws having been spread apart by the rotation of the j aw-actuator in the proper direction, the tool to be gripped by the wrench is interposed between the jaws, and the j aW-actuat-or is then rotated in the reverse direction until the jaws are brought into clamping The tool, ofA

pawl coperating with the sides of the recesses in the jawcarrier to form a ratchet mechanism.

When the device is to be used as a drill, the actuator having been locked to the carrier by tightening the screw 11, the boring-tool is clamped between the jaws, and the pointed end 29 ofthe head 28 of the screw 27 is brought into engagement with a suitable centering member, preferably provided with a conical depression for engagement with said point, and the boring-tool is placed upon the material to be bored. The operation of the handle-lever with the ratchet set properly will rotate the drill, and by means of a rod or the like introduced into the opening 30 in the 'feed-screw the feed-screw may be given a partial turn from time to time to effect the feed of the boring-tool into the material to be bored at any rate that may be desirable.

The gripping-jaws may be made of any necessary configuration for engagement with the shank of the boring or other tools or with nuts of various sizes.- It will, moreover, be desirable to provide with each wrench two or more sets of gripping-jaws, such as the jaws ward against the pressure exerted by the'l 4 and the jaws 4a, in order to adapt the within the scope of the appended claims.

v at its upper end and provided at its lower end In fact the number of types of gripping-jaws Athe wrench to any object to be gripped there- Irvtained thereby and the fact that the action substantially lperpendicular to vtangents to described and exhibited may be varied with- *wrench for use upon objects of various sizes.

which may-be used is unlimited; but for ordinary purposes the two types of grippingjaws shown will be sufficient. In applying by the rotation of the jaw-actuator is controlled b v the hand of the user gripping the outer surface of the enlargement 9 of the said jaw-actuator, and this enlargement is prefrably milled for thel purpose, as shown in special feature of advantagelin the combined wrench and drill forming the present invention is the extremely positive 'grip obof the wrench does not produce strain upon the jaw-actuator of such character that the loosening of the grip is at all apt to occur. The direction of the strain upon the jaws is the ribs provided on the jaws for engagement duce any relative movement of the jaws and the actuator.

While I have described my invention in a preferred forni of embqdiment,it is to be understood that changes in the form, proportions, and mode of assemblage of the parts out departing from the spirit of the invention', and I do not, therefore, limit myself to the exact structure shown and described, but reserve the right to make changes therein Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In a combined ratchet wrench and drill, a hollow jaw-carrier having an annular groove with an enlargement 'having a transversel chann`l therein, said carrier being'formed with annularly-disposed recesses in the outer face of its body, a jaw-actuator within the carrier, said actuator having a spiral thread on its lower end and provided at its upper end with an enlargement'having in its under face an annular groove receiving the u per end of the carrier, the enlargements o the j carrier and actuator forming an annular depression, a screw 1n the enlargement of the.

actuator and engaging the groove of the carr1er, a ring rotatable 1n said depression and having a handle, a spring-actuated pawl in the handle and having an end thereof, normally received in one of said recesses, and movable jaws in the channel of the carrier and provided on their uppeu1 faces with segmental ribs engaging the thread of the actuator.

2. In a combined ratchet wrench and drill, a hollow jaw-carrier provided with an enlargement at its lower end and an annular groove at its other end, theenlargement having a transverse channel therein, movable jaws in the channel, a jaw-actuator within the carrier having at its upper end an enlargement formed in its under side with an annular groove, the upper end of said carrier being received by said groove, a bindingscrew entering the side of the enlargement of the actuator and engaging the groove of the carrier, means for operating the jaws from the actuator, and means for rotating the carrier, including a. rotatable ring between the enlargements of the carrier and the actuator and provided with a handle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JAMES R. NEILSON. l/Vitnesses:

R. W. MATHEWs, T. B. REEVES. 

